A beam cannot have a thinner diameter than its wavelength since 1: it CAN have a thinner diameter
2: Huygens principle will no longer apply
3: it depends on the wavelength
4: the wavelets are unable to interfere destructively outside the beam
5: the wavelets cannot interfere constructively in front of the beam
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Diffraction occurs
1: for light waves only
2: only in three dimensions
3: only for thin enough objects
4: only at certain speeds
5: for objects larger than the
wavelength of the wave
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Materials will have different energies associated with the electrons inside them. this is related to how strongly bound they are by their work function. if we sandwich a material with a very low energy between two materials with a high energy, we create a trap for an electron. if this trap is very narrow in one direction in comparison to the others, this is approximately a 1-dimensional box that confines the electron. what is the lowest energy of an electron in the box if the thinnest direction across the materials is 4.81 nm?