A chemical symbol is to an element as chemical formula is to ?

In a chemical formula, the elements in a compound are represented by their chemical symbols, and the ratio of different elements is represented by subscripts. Consider the compound water as an example. Each water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Explanation:

absorption lines are where light has been absorbed by the atom thus you see a dip in the spectrum whereas.

emission spectra have spikes in the spectra due to atoms releasing photons at those wavelengths.

explanation:

in simple terms, the principle states that the buoyancy force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object, or the density of the fluid multiplied by the submerged volume times the gravitational acceleration, g. this is also known as upthrust.