4. Tim is walking down the aisle of a speeding bus and tosses a coin in the air. Matthew is standing on the sidewalk outside.
a. Draw the trajectory of the coin from Tim's frame of reference.

b. Draw the trajectory of the coin from Matthew's frame of reference.

Estimate the kinetic energy of the neptune with respect to the sun as the sum of the terms, that due to its daily rotation about its axis, and that due to its yearly revolution about the sun. [assume the neptune is a uniform sphere with mass = 1.0×1026 kg , radius = 2.5×1010 m , rotation period 16.1 h , orbital period 6.01×104 d and is 4.6×109 km from the sun.]