A) What is the position of the Earth when the Sun rises to its lowest Midday position in the sky in the Northern Hemisphere? b )What is the position of the Earth when the Sun rises to its lowest Midday position in the sky in the southern Hemisphere?

A) In northern hemisphere, position of the earth is towards to the sun.

B) In Southern hemisphere, position is away from the sun.

Explanation:

A) In the month of June in the northern hemisphere, the axis of the earth is usually tilted at an angle of about 23.5°. During this period, it revolves around round the sun with one complete revolution of 365 days. Now for the duration of this rotation, the position of the earth is that it leans into the sun when the Sun rises to its lowest Midday position in the sky .

B) For the southern hemisphere, it undergoes the same rotation as in the northern hemisphere. Just that it is usually in the month of December and the position of the earth is that it leans away from the sun when the Sun rises to its lowest Midday position in the sky .

one "light year" is the distance that light travels, through vacuum, in one julian year.   that's 365.25 days, of 24 hours each.