Who created the rules that would keep new citizens "productive and on an equal footing”? King George II
the legislature
the trustees
James Oglethorpe

If the temperature were raised very high, classically what would we expect the heat capacity per object to be for this one-dimensional system? give a numerical value. chigh t = __ j/k/object (one reason for the discrepancy is that the high-temperature limit assumes that the number of oscillators is large (n > > 1), which is not the case in this tiny system.)

Some material consisting of a collection of microscopic objects is kept at a high temperature. a photon detector capable of detecting photon energies from infrared through ultraviolet observes photons emitted with energies of 0.3 ev, 0.5 ev, 0.8 ev, 2.0ev, 2.5ev, and 2.8ev. these are the only photon energies observed. (a) draw and label a possible energy-level diagram for one of the microscopic objects, which has four bound states. on the diagram, indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons. explain briefly. (b) would a spring–mass model be a good model for these microscopic objects? why or why not? (c) the material is now cooled down to a very low temperature, and the photon detector stops detecting photon emissions. next, a beam of light with a continuous range of energies from infrared through ultraviolet shines on the material, and the photon detector observes the beam of light after it passes through the material. what photon energies in this beam of light are observed to be significantly reduced in intensity (“dark absorption lines”)? explain briefly.

5g of ammonium nitrate was dissolved in 60g of water in an insulated container. the temperature at the start of the reaction was 23.0°c and at the end it was 19.0°c. calculate the energy absorbed by the reaction.