7. One way to analyze E MR is to pass the radiation through a prism or a diffraction grating. This causes the radiation to separate into its component wavelengths, producing a spectrum. Depending upon the source, three types of spectra can be observed. For each of the following types of spectra, describe a possible source and indicate how this information could be used by astronomers.

a. continuous spectrum

b. absorption spectrum (dark-line spectrum)

6c) emission spectrum(bright-line spectrum)

8. Sketch a series of diagrams to show the main steps in the evolution of stars like the Sun.

Agas initially at p1 = 1 bar and occupying a volume of 0.5 liter is compressed within a piston–cylinder assembly to a final pressure p2 = 4 bar. (a) if the relationship between pressure and volume during the compression is pv = constant, determine the volume, in liters, at a pressure of 3 bar. (b) repeat for a linear pressure–volume relationship between the same end states. reference

Electric field of the earth. the earth has a net electric charge that causes a field at points near its surface equal to 150 n> c and directed in toward the center of the earth. (a) what magnitude and sign of charge would a 60-kg human have to acquire to overcome his or her weight by the force exerted by the earth’s electric field? (b) what would be the force of repulsion between two people each with the charge calculated in part (a) and separated by a distance of 100 m? is use of the earth’s electric field a feasible means of flight? why or why not?

Click the game tab at the bottom of the simulation and select level 1. (there is no seesaw balance for this part of the activity.) balance the first equation, and click check to see if you got it right. if you can’t balance it in the first try, you can try again. work through the five equations for level 1. click continue to go on to level 2, and later level 3. each level is more difficult than the one before. keep trying until all the equations are balanced. in one or two sentences, describe how you did in the balancing game. in a few more sentences, explain one strategy you learned for balancing more complex equations.