Design and sketch masks to be used with negative photoresist for making an array of five wires of smallest width 2 μm on a silicon wafer. The wires are to be connected at each end to contact pads (1 mm2) for wire bonding. The wires are to be broken to have 20 nm gaps. What technique would you use to do this? The wire to be broken must be thin (no more than 50 nm) but the contact pads need to be thick (1 μm) for wire bonding. Outline the steps you might take to make the final device. You may have to research resist treatments for lift-off.

absorption lines are where light has been absorbed by the atom thus you see a dip in the spectrum whereas.

emission spectra have spikes in the spectra due to atoms releasing photons at those wavelengths.

explanation:

c. magnitude and direction

we have been given a quadratic function and we need to restrict the domain such that it becomes a one to one function.

we know that vertex of this quadratic function occurs at (5,2).

further, we know that range of this function is .

if we restrict the domain of this function to either or , it will become one to one function.

let us know find its inverse.

upon interchanging x and y, we get:

let us now solve this function for y.

hence, the inverse function would be if we restrict the domain of original function to and the inverse function would be if we restrict the domain to .