The electron transport chain (ETC), or respiratory chain, is linked to proton movement and ATP synthesis. Select the STATEMENTS that ACCURATELY describe the electron transport chain. (True/False)
a)Electron transfer in the ETC is coupled to proton transfer form the matrix to the intermembrane space. b)Electrons generated by he citric acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix enter the ETC. c)The outer membrane of mitochondria is readily permeable to small molecules and hydrogen ions. d)Electron carriers in the mitochondrial matrix include ubiquinone (coenzyme Q), FMN, and cytochrome c. e)Prosthetic groups, such as iron-sulfer centers, are directly involved with electron transfer. f)Electron carriers are organized into four complexes of proteins and prosthetic groups. g)The reactions of the ETC take place in the outer membrane of mitochondria.

Trumpeter a holds a b-flat note on the trumpet for a long time. person c is running towards the trumpeter at a constant velocity. person b is running away from the trumpeter at the same rate. person d is standing still the whole time. which person hears a frequency that is lower than the b-flat?

The midpoints? a, b, and c are marked on the histogram. match them to the indicated scores. which? scores, if? any, would be considered? unusual?

Follow these directions and answer the questions. 1. set up the ripple tank as in previous investigations. 2. bend the rubber tube to form a "concave mirror" and place in the ripple tank. the water level must be below the top of the hose. 3. generate a few straight pulses with the dowel and observe the reflected waves. do the waves focus (come together) upon reflection? can you locate the place where the waves meet? 4. touch the water surface where the waves converged. what happens to the reflected wave? 5. move your finger twice that distance from the hose (2f = c of c, center of the curvature) and touch the water again. does the image (the reflected wave) appear in the same location (c of c)? you may have to experiment before you find the exact location. sometimes it is hard to visualize with the ripple tank because the waves move so quickly. likewise, it is impossible to "see" light waves because they have such small wavelengths and move at the speed of light. however, both are examples of transverse waves and behave in the same way when a parallel wave fronts hit a curved surface.