A 6110 kg bus traveling at 20.0 m/s can be stopped in 24.0 s by gently applying the brakes. Ifthe driver slams on the brakes, the stops in 3.90 s. What is the average for exerted on the bus in both these stops

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass of bus, m = 6110 kg

Speed of bus, v = 20 m/s  

The bus will stop in 24 s gently applying the brakes, t = 24 s

The average force exerted on the bus is given by :

If the driver slams on the brakes, the stops in 3.90 s, t' = 3.9 s        

The average force exerted on the bus at this time is given by :          

Hence, this is the required solution.                            

power out to power in less than 100%

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.