Follow ask you to determine the major national income measures by both the expenditure and income methods. The

By Income Method : NDP fc = COE + OS + MI

By Expenditure Method : GDP mp = PFCE + GFCE + GDCF + NX

Explanation:

National Income is the total value of goods & services , produced by an economy during a given period of time.

It can be calculated by Expenditure or Income method, aa total value of goods & services produced by an economy = total expenditure by entire economy = total income by entire economy  (∵ one person expenditure is other person income)

By Income Method :

NDP fc [Net Domestic Product at factor cost]  = Compensation of Employees + Operating Surplus + Mixed Income

By Expenditure Method :

GDP mp [Gross Domestic Product at market price] = Private Final Consumption Expenditure + Government final consumption expenditure + gross domestic capital formation + net exports

answer; (d) spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder;

fgravity=10x10=100n case 1

fgravity=30x20=600n case 2

6 times more