A catalyst decreases the activation energy of a particular exothermic reaction by 47 kJ/mol, to 33 kJ/mol. Assuming that the mechanism has only one step, and that the products are 59 kJ lower in energy than the reactants, sketch approximate energy-level diagrams for the catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions.

Consider a uniformly charged ring in the xy plane, centered at the origin. the ring has radius a and positive charge qdistributed evenly along its circumference. a)what is the direction of the electric field at any point on the z axis? . b)what is the magnitude of the electric field along the positive z axis? use k in your answer, where k=14πϵ0. d)the ball will oscillate along the z axis between z=d and z=−d in simple harmonic motion. what will be the angular frequency ω of these oscillations? use the approximation d≪a to simplify your calculation; that is, assume that d2+a2≈a2. express your answer in terms of given charges, dimensions, and constants