The following four graphs show the velocities, toward and away from Earth, of four identical stars. Assume that all four stars have extrasolar planets orbiting them at the same distance, and that the velocities are inferred by measuring Doppler shifts in the spectra of the stars. Rank the graphs from left to right based on the amount of orbital Doppler shift observed in each star’s spectrum, from smallest to largest.

Acommercial refrigerator with refrigerant-134a as the working fluid is used to keep the refrigerated space at -35°c by rejecting waste heat to cooling water that enters the condenser at 18°c at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and leaves at 26°c. the refrigerant enters the condenser at 1.2 mpa and 50°c. if the compressor consumes 3.3 kw of power, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, (b) the refrigeration load, (c) the cop, and (d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.