The drawing shows an overhead view of a horizontal bar that is free to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the page. two forces act on the bar, and they have the same magnitude. however, one force is perpendicular to the bar, and the other makes an angle φ with respect to it. the angle can be 90˚, 45˚, or 0˚. rank the values of φ according to the magnitude of the net torque (the sum of the torques) that the two forces produce, largest net torque first.

The energy released by a chemical reaction can be measured using a calorimeter. when barium hydroxide octahydrate crystals are reacted with dry ammonium chloride inside of a coffee cup calorimeter, the temperature of the 18.00 g of water in the calorimeter decreases from 30.0°c to 8.0°c. the equation for calculating energy absorbed or released by a reaction is: where q is the energy released or absorbed, m is the mass of water in the calorimeter, cp is the specific heat of water, and δt is the observed temperature change. if the specific heat of liquid water is 4.19 j/g·°c, how much energy was absorbed by the reaction?

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How do cracks affect the rate of weathering?