How does a pulley make it easier to load cargo onto a cargo ship?

a.
the pulley increases the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

b.
the pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

c.
the pulley increases the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a shorter distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied upward, the output force is exerted downward.

d.
the pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a shorter distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied upward, the output force is exerted downward.

B.

The pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. It also changes the direction of the force. As the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

Explanation:

When we use pulley system to pull the heavy weight then it is easier to pull the weight upwards because while we use use pulley to pull the objects then the force that is applied on the string is exerted at some angle with the vertical

Due to this we need to apply force at some angle with the vertical and it increase the output force on the object which is to be pulled

So here our effort is in downward direction to pull the object in upward direction

so correct answer will be

B.

The pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. It also changes the direction of the force. As the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.

answer a fan shaped mass of sediment deposited at the base of a mountain front do to an abrupt change in stream gradient;