What initial observation led to the alvarez asteroid-impact theory?

Need in all of themmm only answer if you know plsssss

Red light strikes a metal surface and electrons are ejected. if violet light is now used with a 10% greater intensity, what will happen to the ejection rate (number of ejected electrons per second) and the maximum energy of the electrons? a) greater ejection rate; same maximum energyb) same ejection rate; greater maximum energyc) greater ejection rate; greater maximum energyd) same ejection rate; same maximum energye) none of the above answers are correct

What do you think car designers do if the damage caused by a crash test is too severe?