Researchers condition a flatworm to contract when exposed to light by repeatedly pairing the light with electric shock. the electric shock is a(n) primary conditioner. conditioned stimulus. secondary conditioner. unconditioned stimulus.

unconditioned stimulus

Explanation:

Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that in the researchers experiment the electric shock is being used as an unconditioned stimulus. This term refers to something that causes a natural and automatic response when introduced. This is usually combined with a conditioned stimulus (light) which after a while creates a conditioned response to a certain stimuli.

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answer: 802.3 kilo joules of energy represents 191.75 kilo calorie of energy.

explanation:

energy released during combustion of one mole methane = 802.3 kilo joules

if 1 kilo joule = 0.239006   kilo calorie

then ,802.3 kilo joule will be = 802.30.239006 kilo calorie

802.3 kilo joule = 191.75 kilo calorie

hence, the energy in kilo calorie is 191.75 kilo calorie.

1/0.14nm = 10^10/1.4 a lot