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a(n) energy wave is transferred through a substance as a series of compressions.

light
sound
electromagnetic
elastic

Sound energy wave is transferred through a substance as a series of compressions.

Explanation:

Sound is caused by regular oscillating that produce regions of compression (high pressure) and rarefaction (low pressure) that move through a substance. Sound not only travels through air, it can travel through any substance, solid, liquid or gas. Whales can hear other whales across whole oceans through water, an Earthquake is low frequency sound moving through the solid Earth

A vibrating object compresses the air and sound waves move from the source, much like waves in water if you drop a stone into it. These sound waves can carry great distances depending on their loudness and frequency.

the duration of a photographic flash is related to an rc time constant, which is 0.100 μs for a certain camera.