We want to hydrolyze 500 lb per day of an ester at an initial concentration of 5 m (the ester has a molecular weight of 130) in aqueous basic solution in a batch process, and we need product that is 99% hydrolyzed. in benchtop experiments in a flask, we find that 50% of the ester hydrolyzes in 15 min for initial ester concentrations of either 1 or 5 m. we also find that, when we react for 8 h, all of the ester has hydrolyzed. it takes 1 h to empty the reactor and refill and heat it to start another batch. what size reactor will we need?

As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.

Petroleum contains energy. a. light b. kinetic c. chemical d. mechanical

What ia the energy of an object because of its potential and kinetic energies