What is the best explanation for why a particle is striking
point x?
this image shows a stream of positively charged particles
being directed at gold foil. the positively charged particles
are called "alpha particles and each one is like a nucleus
without any electrons.
alpha particles are mostly empty space, so they move in
random directions, and one of these alpha particles can
strike point x.
the gold atoms contain negative electrons, so when
alpha particles strike the gold they keep moving but in
various directions
if an alpha particle hits the gold foil, a gold nucleus splits
and a particle from it flies out at point x.
when the dense, positive alpha particle passes close to
a positive nucleus of gold, the alpha particle repels and
hits the screen at point x

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