Alight source whose surface is approximated by a circle with a radius of 3 cm is located 2 m from a screen. if an aperture with a 1-cm radius is placed between the source and the screen, how far from the screen can the aperture be placed without affecting the irradiance in the screen at the center of the patch of light passed by the aperture? if the aperture is moved twice as far from the screen, what will be the irradiance at the center of the patch as a fraction of the unobstructed irradiance?

that would be because of both gravity and friction. so     c

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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