Aplane traveling north at 100.0 km/h through the air gets caught in a 40.0 km/h crosswind blowing west. this turbulence caused a beverage cart to brake free and begin rolling at 20.0 km/h toward the tail of the plane. what is the velocity of the cart relative to the ground? (you do not have to convert these since they are all the same unit)

Explanation:

If I assume that the wind did not cause the plane to chage its velocity.

The plane will have a velocity of vp =  (0*i + 100*j) km/h relative to ground

The cart has a velocity of vc = (0*i - 20*j) km/h relative to the plane

vc' = vc + vp

vc' = (0*i + 100*j) + (0*i - 20*j) = (0*i + 80*j) km/h relative to the ground.

If I assume that the wind move the plane:

The plane will have a velocity of vp =  (-40*i + 100*j) km/h relative to ground

The cart has a velocity of vc = (0*i - 20*j) km/h relative to the plane

vc' = vc + vp

vc' = (-40*i + 100*j) + (0*i - 20*j) = (-40*i + 80*j) km/h relative to the ground.

In reality the wind would move the plane a little, not to the full speed of the wind, somewhere between these two values, but without more data it cannot be calculated.