Aplastic rod is charged to -12 nc by rubbing. a) have electrons been added or protons removed? explain! b) how many electrons have been added or protons removed?

(a) electrons being added.

(b) 7.5 × 10¹⁰

Explanation:

(a)

The plastic rod acquires a charge of -12 nC which means it contains more negative charge.

Thu, the electrons have been added to the rod. Removing protons are very difficult as they are in the nucleus and are bind by nuclear forces. Thus, by rubbing, electrons are transferred and thus the rod become negatively charged which means that the electrons being added.

(b)

The total charge = -12 nC

Also,

1 nC = 10⁻⁹ C

So,

Charge = -12 × 10⁻⁹ C

Charge on electron = -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

So, number of electrons transferred = -12 × 10⁻⁹ C / -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C = 7.5 × 10¹⁰

-first use of geothermal energy occurred more than 10,000 years ago in north america by american paleo-indians

-the first industrial use of geothermal energy began near pisa, italy in late 18th century

-in 1904, italian scientist piero ginori conti invented the first geothermal electric power plant in which steam was used to generate the power

-with the above experiment, the first geothermal plant in usa started in 1922 with a capacity of 250 kilowatts

-however, in 1946 first ground-source geothermal heat pump installed at commonwealth building in portland, oregon

-during the 1960’s, pacific gas and electric began operation of first large scale geothermal power plant in san francisco, producing 11 megawatts

-in 1973, when oil crisis began many countries began looking for renewable energy sources and by 1980’s geothermal heat pumps (ghp) started gaining popularity in order to reduce heating and cooling costs

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hope this

it would be c. predictability