Physics, 06.09.2019 03:20 Scourge927

In the olympic shotput event, an athlete throws the shot with an initial speed of 13.0 m/s at a 41.0 ∘ angle from the horizontal. the shot leaves her hand at a height of 1.80 m above the ground.(a) how far does the shot travel? (b) repeat the calculation of the first part for angle 42.5? .(c) repeat the calculation of the first part for angle 45 ? .(d) repeat the calculation of the first part for angle 47.5? .(e) at what angle of release does she throw the farthest?

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Answer from: Aneesa2507

(a) 18.93 m

First of all, we need to find the time it takes for the shot to reach the ground. This can be found by analyzing the vertical motion only, using the equation:

$y(t) = h + u_y t -\frac{1}{2}gt^2$

where

y(t) is the vertical position at time t

h = 1.80 m is the initial heigth

$u_y = (13.0) sin 41.0^{\circ}=8.53 m/s$ is the initial vertical velocity

t is the time

g = 9.8 m/s^2 is the acceleration of gravity

Substituting y(t)=0, we solve the equation for t, to find the time at which the shot reaches the ground:

0=1.8 + 8.53t -4.9t^2

which gives two solutions: t = -0.19 s and t = 1.93 s. We discard the former solution since it's negative, so the correct time is

t = 1.93 s

Now, the horizontal distance travelled by the shot is given by

x(t) = u_x t

where

$u_x = (13.0) cos 41.0^{\circ}=9.81 m/s$ is the horizontal velocity

t is the time

Substituting t = 1.93 s, we find the range of the shot:

x=(9.81)(1.93)=18.93 m

(b) 18.96 m

We can solve the problem exactly in the same, replacing the previous angle with $42.5^{\circ}$ :

- The initial vertical velocity is

$u_y = (13.0) sin 42.5^{\circ}=8.78 m/s$

So the equation to find the time is

0=1.8 + 8.78t -4.9t^2

which gives t = 1.98 s as solution. The horizontal velocity is

$u_x = (13.0) cos 42.5^{\circ}=9.58 m/s$

And so the range of the shot is

x=u_x t = (9.58)(1.98)=18.97 m

Again, we solve using the new angle $45^{\circ}$ :

- The initial vertical velocity is

$u_y = (13.0) sin 45^{\circ}=9.19 m/s$

So the equation to find the time is

0=1.8 + 9.19t -4.9t^2

which gives t = 2.05 s as solution. The horizontal velocity is

$u_x = (13.0) cos 45^{\circ}=9.19 m/s$

And so the range of the shot is

x=u_x t = (9.19)(2.05)=18.84 m

(d) 18.70 m

Solving using the new angle $47.5^{\circ}$ ,

- The initial vertical velocity is

$u_y = (13.0) sin 47.5^{\circ}=9.58 m/s$

So the equation to find the time is

0=1.8 + 9.58t -4.9t^2

which gives t = 2.13 s as solution. The horizontal velocity is

$u_x = (13.0) cos 47.5^{\circ}=8.78 m/s$

And so the range of the shot is

x=u_x t = (8.78)(2.13)=18.70 m

(e) At $42.5^{\circ}$

We see from the previous parts that the angle that gives the maximum range is $42.5^{\circ}$ . Therefore we can infer an important thing: while for a projectile launched from the ground (h=0) the maximum range is achieved when the angle of launch is $45^{\circ}$ , this is not true for a projectile launched from a height h.

Indeed, it can be demonstrated that for a projectile launched from height h, the angle at which the maximum range is achevied is given by

$\theta = tan^{-1} (\frac{u}{\sqrt{u^2+2gh}})$

And indeed, by substituting u = 13.0 m/s and h = 1.80 m into the formula, we find

$\theta_{max} =42.3^{\circ}$

Which is in agreement with our findings.

Answer from: Quest

Is a vector quantity that refers to "the rate at which an object changes its position." imagine a person moving rapidly - one step forward and one step back - always returning to the original starting position. while this might result in a frenzy of activity, it would result in a zero velocity. because the person always returns to the original position, the motion would never result in a change in position. since velocity is defined as the rate at which the position changes, this motion results in zero velocity. if a person in motion wishes to maximize their velocity, then that person must make every effort to maximize the amount that they are displaced from their original position. every step must go into moving that person further from where he or she started. for certain, the person should never change directions and begin to return to the starting position.

Answer from: Quest

Initial velocity, u = 4.9 m/sfinal velocity = v m/sinitial height, h₁ = 245 m final height, h₂ = 0a = -9.8 m/s²time taken = t secondss = ut + 0.5at²⇒ (h₂-h₁) = ut + 0.5at²⇒ 0-245 = 4.9t + 0.5×(-9.8)×t²⇒ -245 = 4.9t - 4.9t²⇒ 4.9t² -4.9t -245 =0solving it, we get t = 7.59sv = u + at = 4.9 -9.8×7.59 = 4.9 - 74.38 = -69.48 m/svelocity is 69.48 m/s downward

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