—second law of newton

where did the “2a” come from in the first equation?

i know that frictional force is equal to “normal force x coeficient of friction” but the problem is with that number 2 on left side.

Explanation:

They substituted the value of M₁.

∑F = ma

M₁ a = T₁ - F

M₁ a = T₁ - Nμ

M₁ a = T₁ - M₁g μ

Given that M₁ = 2, g = 9.81, and μ = 0.25:

(2) a = T₁ - (2) (9.81) (0.25)

this isn't the answer but they're the graphs

beta is electron from nucleus

something from nucleus has changed, but charge must be same for cons of charge