1. compare and contrast the two kinds of waves.
2.draw a wave, label the 4 parts, and provide a description of each.
3.draw a standing wave and label the nodes and antinodes.

Look at the diagrams for 2 and 3.

Explanation:

1. There are two ways to categorize waves.

Direction of particles of the wave:

If you need to differentiate them based on direction of particles of the waves then you have either longitudinal or transverse.

Particles of the medium of longitudinal waves move parallel to the direction or movement of the wave.  On the other hand, transverse waves are waves where the particles of the medium it travels through move perpendicular to the motion of the wave.  

Ability to transmit energy through a medium or vacuum

You have the mechanical wave and the electromagenetic wave (em wave).

The main difference between these two is that mechanical waves travel through a medium. Basically, they need the molecules in the medium, which collide or bump into each other to pass on the energy. An example would be sound waves.

Electromagnetic waves differ because they do not need a medium. They can travel through a vacuum. Like light waves.

2.

Crest - It is the displacement of a wave in the upwards direction. In short it is the peak or the highest point of a wave.  

Trough - It is the opposite of the crest, so it is the displacement of a wave going downwards. To put it shortly, it is the depth or lowest point of a wave.

If you will get the distance between the crest and trough, you will see that it is twice the measure of the amplitude, which you will be defined later on.

Wavelength - is the distance between two crests or two troughs of two consecutive waves. It is measured in meters and goes with the direction of the wave.

Amplitude - height or depth of the crest or trough from the rest position. It is also measured in meters. It is defined as the displacement of the wave from the rest position or point.

Look at image B, to see the different parts.

3.

Standing waves are waves that vibrate vertically and have the same frequency and amplitude.

Nodes are points in the wave where the amplitude is equal to zero or at their resting point. Antinodes are points in the wave where the amplitudes are at their maximum.

Look at image C.

the box does not move because you need to use a force greater than 300 n. you are only using 50 n. it needs to at least be 301 n for the box to move because then it is an unbalanced force and it will move the way that the greater force is pushing it. if you use only 300 n it will be a balanced force and will not move because the force you are exerting on the   box is the same as its force.

hope this !

im sorry if i went too in depth, i am going to include a link to a video on khan academy that will explain this.   hope that you like the video and that it explains more in detail to you.

that is the link.

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.