Aray of light is moving from a material having a high indexof refraction into a material with a lower index of refraction.
(a) is the ray bent toward the normal or awayfrom it?
toward the normal
awayfrom the normal

Away from the normal

Explanation:

The direction toward which the ray of light bend can be found by using Snell's law:

where

n1, n2 are the index of refraction of the first and second medium

are the angle of the incident and refracted ray with respect to the normal to the surface

Here, the ray of light moves from a material with high index of refraction to a material with lower index, therfore we have

Re-arranging Snell's equation we get

and since

we find

which means that the ray of light bends away from the normal.

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