How does light reflect off of mirrors and other types of surfaces?

The light reflect off of mirrors and other types of polished surfaces because of reflection.

Explanation:

The polished surfaces can reflect most of the light falling on them.

They will reflect the light waves falling on them as the polished surface or mirrors like objects will be opaque in nature.

The materials which are opaque in nature does not allow light to pass through them or transmit through them.  

When light rays are incident on an object, three kinds of rays will be formed.

They are incident rays which are the source rays hitting the object, the reflected rays which are the rays coming back or get reflected as they are not allowed to penetrate the object and in some cases refracted rays and transmitted rays occur when the rays penetrate partially with different angle or fully with different angle.  

Generally, the opaque objects which have a polished front surface and other surface is closed reflect light waves blocking them to penetrate deeper. So the light will get reflected from the surface.

As the mirrors and most of the bulk surface are opaque in nature, light will not be able to penetrate the depth of those surface and they will get reflected.

what experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

a few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.

the colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.

experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.

cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach