Why can you model the thermal energy of an object as the "mechanical energy" of the particles that make it up?

Space vehicles traveling through earth's radiation belts can intercept a significant number of electrons. the resulting charge buildup can damage electronic components and disrupt operations. suppose a spherical metallic satellite 1.3 m in diameter accumulates 3.0 µc of charge in one orbital revolution. (a) find the resulting surface charge density. (b) calculate the magnitude of the electric field just outside the surface of the satellite, due to the surface charge.

Edward tolman explained the results of his study by theorizing that the rats were learning about the maze during every trial but they a. were agitated because other groups were getting reinforcement b. could not remember how to demonstrate it without reinforcement c. were not motivated to demonstrate it without reinforcement d. seemed to be too lazy to actually work without reinforcement

The crank oa rotates in the vertical plane with a constant clockwise angular velocity ω0 of 5.6 rad/s. for the position where oa is horizontal, calculate the force under the light roller b of the 10.6-kg slender bar ab.