A 68-year-old female who was admitted with shortness of breath. On your arrival, the patient appears drowsy and is on 10L of oxygen via a mask. You perform an ABG, which reveals the following results:

• PaO2: 52.5 mmHg
• pH: 7.29
• PaCO2: 68 mmHg
• HCO3–: 26
What does the ABG show:
Oxygenation (PaO2):
pH:
PaCO2:
HCO3–:
Interpretation:

What symptoms or signs are associated with hypercapnia (↑CO2)?

Brenda is a petite 54-year old caucasian female. brenda’s 72-year old mother, bertha has developed dowager’s hump. bertha recently was told that her x-rays showed several small stable vertebral fractures. brenda also has an aunt betty who is currently in the hospital for a hip fracture from a fall. both relatives have been told that osteoporosis is the probable cause of their current medical issues. brenda’s health care provider has suggested brenda has her risks for osteoporosis assessed. brenda is not fond of milk or dairy products and are glad that her kids are older now so that she doesn’t have to keep milk in the house. brenda has no other significant medical history. you suspect a diagnosis of osteoporosis. what risk factors can you identify for brenda your suspected diagnosis of osteoporosis? be specific.