The hospital will more likely adopt a quasi-design that collects data for an extended period of time before hand cleaner dispensers are installed, and then compares those findings with data collected after the dispensers are installed. What are two possible sources of confounding with this design that the referenced article mentions

Acharge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse provide care to a group of clients. which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse requires an incident report by the charge nurse? a. a client who has a lithium level of 1.8 meq/l receives her morning dose of lithium. b. the nurse administers ondansetron to a client who has two episodes of vomiting after receiving meperidine 75 mg im. c. the nurse requests a higher dose of morphine for a client who reports severe pain 30 min after receiving morphine 2 mg iv bolus. d. a client who has a blood glucose level of 120 mg/dl receives her morning dose of insulin.