Muscular dystrophies are a range of disorders caused by mutations in a number of different genes. it manifests itself as the progressive loss of muscle strength, and is frequently associated with muscle degeneration. which of the following is not associated with muscular dystrophy?

a)mutations resulting in loss of laminin beta-2 expression.

b)mutations in o-mannose beta-1, 2-.

c)apoptosis of muscle cells due to inhibition of akt signaling.

d)frame shift mutations in integrin alpha-7.

e)defects in glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan.