How many eggs are 1/4 of a dozen

Which geometric principle is used to justify the construction below?

Afootball quarterback has two more chances to throw a touchdown before his team is forced to punt the ball. he misses the receiver on the first throw 25% of the time. when his first throw is incomplete, he misses the receiver on the second throw 15% of the time. what is the probability of not throwing the ball to a receiver on either throw?

Arectangular garden is 5 feet long and 3 feet wide. a second rectangular garden has dimensions that are double the dimensions of the first garden. what is the percent of change in perimeter from the first garden to the second garden?