Pl the graph of y = f(x − 3) is a of the graph of y = f(x). translation of 3 units to the right translation of 3 units up scale change of the output by a factor of −3 scale change of the input by a factor of 3

answer: on graphs, the open and closed circles, or vertical asymptotes drawn as dashed lines us identify discontinuities.

as before, graphs and tables allow us to estimate at best.

when working with formulas, getting zero in the denominator indicates a point of discontinuity.

when working with piecewise-defined functions, check for discontinuities at the transition points where one piece ends and the next begins.

step-by-step explanation: