Are the ratios 8:18 and 1:3 equivalent ratios

Which approach to the theory-and-research cycle does the following sequence reflect: (1) specific observations suggest generalizations, (2) generalizations produce a tentative theory, (3) the theory is tested through the formation of hypotheses, and (4) hypotheses may provide suggestions for additional observations?

Find the area of the triangle shown 3 by 6

What is the value of x in the this question ?