Why is the addition or subtraction of k to the output of a function considered a translation?

Pam buys a sleeve of ball bearings for her skateboard. each of the bearings is 1 1/5 inches wide. the sleeve is 9 3/5 inches long. how many ball bearings are in the sleeve? show your work.

Steve wants to develop a way to find the total cost of any item including sales tax. the sales tax in his city is 6%. his friend jenna writes the expression x + 6x where x is the cost of the item. explain whether her expression is correct based on the situation.

Haley buys 9 pounds of apples for $3. how many pounds of apples can she buy for $1?