Solve the initial-value problem using the method of undetermined coefficients. y'' − y' = xe^x, y(0) = 6, y'(0) = 5

First check the characteristic solution. The characteristic equation to this DE is

r ² - r = r (r - 1) = 0

with roots r = 0 and r = 1, so the characteristic solution is

y (char.) = C₁ exp(0x) + C₂ exp(1x)

y (char.) = C₁ + C₂ exp(x)

For the particular solution, we try the ansatz

y (part.) = (ax + b) exp(x)

but exp(x) is already accounted for in the second term of y (char.), so we multiply each term here by x :

y (part.) = (ax ² + bx) exp(x)

Differentiate this twice and substitute the derivatives into the DE.

y' (part.) = (2ax + b) exp(x) + (ax ² + bx) exp(x)

… = (ax ² + (2a + b)x + b) exp(x)

y'' (part.) = (2ax + 2a + b) exp(x) + (ax ² + (2a + b)x + b) exp(x)

… = (ax ² + (4a + b)x + 2a + 2b) exp(x)

(ax ² + (4a + b)x + 2a + 2b) exp(x) - (ax ² + (2a + b)x + b) exp(x)

= x exp(x)

The factor of exp(x) on both sides is never zero, so we can cancel them:

(ax ² + (4a + b)x + 2a + 2b) - (ax ² + (2a + b)x + b) = x

Collect all the terms on the left side to reduce it to

2ax + 2a + b = x

Matching coefficients gives the system

2a = 1

2a + b = 0

and solving this yields

a = 1/2, b = -1

Then the general solution to this DE is

y(x) = C₁ + C₂ exp(x) + (1/2 x ² - x) exp(x)

For the given initial conditions, we have

y (0) = C₁ + C₂ = 6

y' (0) = C₂ - 1 = 5

and solving for the constants here gives

C₁ = 0, C₂ = 6

so that the particular solution to the IVP is

y(x) = 6 exp(x) + (1/2 x ² - x) exp(x)

when rotating a figure 180 degrees, imagine that you are able to take the figure and turn it clockwise or counterclockwise around a center point. to rotate a figure 180 degrees, you will need to apply the rule (x, y) → (-x, -y). start by using a coordinate grid with coordinates for each vertex of the figure. the center point of the coordinate grid is located at (0, 0), which is what you will rotate the figure around. write down the original coordinates of the shape you are going to rotate. then, apply the rule. for example, coordinate (1, 2) becomes (-1, -2). another example would be, coordinate (-4, -2) becoming (4, 2). after you change each original coordinate to the rotated coordinate, you will draw your new figure.

step-by-step explanation:

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step-by-step explanation:

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