n a linear regression model, the variable (or variables) used for predicting or explaining values of the response variable are known as

Independent variable or explanatory variables.

Step-by-step explanation:

this variable is referred to as the independent variable.

A linear regression equation is of the form

Y = B0 + B1X1 + u

Y is the depndent variable

X1 is the independent variable

With u as the error term.

The independent variable is used to explain changes in Y, which is the dependent variable. The independent or explanatory variable has a direct effect on the dependent variable. This means that as X1 changes, Y would also change in response to the changes in the independent variable.