A coin is flipped twice. Let Event 1 be the event where the coin lands on heads on the first toss.
Let Event 2 be the event where the coin lands on heads on the second toss.
Are Events 1 and 2 dependent or independent?

White shapes and black shapes are used in a game. some of the shapes are circles. while the rest are squares. the ratio of the number of white shapes to the number of black shapes is 5: 11. the ratio of the number of white cicrles to the number of white squares is 3: 7. the ratio of the number of black circles to the number of black squres is 3: 8. work out what fraction of all the shapes are circles.