Atriangle has coordinates a (1, 5), b (-2, 1) and c (0, -4). what are the new coordinates if the triangle is dilated with a scale factor of 1/5?

IF you are dilating about the origin, which you didn't exactly state, the new coordinates are A' (1/5, 1), B' (2/5, 1/5), C' (0, 4/5).  Dilation is all about distance, so you have to move the new coordinates to whatever the scale factor is times the x and y distance.  For example, A is at (1, 5), so 1/5 of 1 is 1/5, and 1/5 of 5 is 1, hence your new coordinate for A.  It is a fifth of the distance from the origin as its preimage is.

If you need an equation, it would be y=2x+8, y would be how long it grew, x being weeks.if you need how long he was asleep, it would be 4 weeks if he started with no beard, the equation would be x=8÷2if he did have a beard before hand, the equation would be 2w+x=8