Any easy way of doing substitution?

How to determine whether two known pairs of points are on the same line.

Apatient is to take 60 mg of an antibiotic on day 1, take 45mg on days 2 and 3, take 30mg on days 4 and 5 and take 15 mg on days 6 and 7. how many total mg will the patient take?

Two cyclists 84 miles apart start riding toward each other at the same. one cycles 2 times as fast as the other. if they meet 4 hours later, what is the speed (in mi/h) of the faster cyclist?