What are the steps to getting this answer

3) x(x³)
    Here, add the powers, 1+3 = 4
    Now, write it as the resultant power of x.
    It would be:  x⁴

4) (xy²)⁴
    Here, take the whole power(i.e., 4 in this individual case) for all individual       components ;
    It would be: x⁴y⁸
    Just multiply the powers!