Given the parent function p(x) = cos x, which phrase best describes the transformation used
to obtain the graph of g(x) = cos (x + a) – b,
if a and b are positive constants?

Scores on the cognitive scale of the bayley-scales of infant and toddler development range from 1 to 19, with a standard deviation of 3. calculate the margin of error in estimating the true mean cognitive scale score, with 99% confidence, if there are 12 infants and toddlers in a sample.