what do the variables represent in word problem system of linear equations?

Question and answers are in the attached picture. you so much in advance.

Ataxi company charges $2.25 for the first mile and then $0.20 per mile for each additional mile, or f = $2.25 + $0.20(m - 1) where f is the fare and m is the number of miles. if juan's taxi fare was $6.05, how many miles did he travel in the taxi? if juan's taxi fare was 7.65, how many miles did he travel in taxi

Sheila wants to bake six muffins but the recipe is for 12 muffins . this means you only need half of the ingredients listed how much of the of each ingredient does she need? one cup and banana chips ,7 tablespoons oil , two eggs, 3/4 cups flour 1/4 cup walnuts show all you work and justify your answer using a baby toulmin.