The product 3(-8) represents the hourly change in elevation for the submersible Argo, as shown
here. The total change in elevation after 4 hours
is represented by the product 4(3)(-8).
First multiply the first two factors. What is the
sign of the product of the first two factors,
4 and 3? Explain

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(n^3 - n)

= n(n-1)(n+1)

since it is divisible by 3 and 2 ,because it is a multiple 3 consecutive number

if, n-1 is odd then n+1 is also odd, then it is a multiple of 9

but if, n-1 is even then n+1 is also even, then it is a multiple of 4

so, largest multiple = max(9*2, 4*3) = max(18, 12) = 18