Which of the following is a result of transforming a function f(x) by shifting left s, stretching vertically by a factor of t and shifting verti-
cally by v?

Kilgore trout creates a new scale to diagnose depression. however, his scale only assesses one symptom of depression while ignoring others. which of the following is his new scale most likely lacking? a) test-retest reliability b) discriminant validity c) criterion validity d) alternate-forms reliability e) content validity f) none of the above