13 percent of a certain company's life insurance policy holders are smokers. For each nonsmoker the probability of dying during the year is 0.002. For each smoker the probability of dying during the year is 0.02. Find the probability that a policy holder who died last year was a smoker.

According to a study conducted in 2015, 18% of shoppers said that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. suppose that in a recent sample of 1500 shoppers, 315 stated that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. at a 5% significance level, can you conclude that the proportion of all shoppers who currently prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products is higher than .18? use both the p-value and the critical-value approaches.