A number m is no less than –1 or less than or equal to −5.

-1 < m ≤ - 5

Step-by-step explanation:

Your expression includes: m, -1, -5, >, ≤

m is the value being compared so it will be in the middle.

# sign m sign #

m is no less than -1: no less than means it is greater than -1, but does not include -1. Therefore, our sign is >

m > -1

m is less than or equal to -5. This means we use ≤ because it can equal -5.

m ≤ -5

Now combine the two expressions

m > -1 – This can also be written as -1 < m.

m ≤ -5

-1 < m ≤ - 5

it is contrapositive

i could not see the question too well so check yourself again too . this is because i want you to get it correct.

the population of other specie of birds will decline or other specie of birds will find some alternate source of food to survive.

explanation:

according to the competitive exclusion principle, which is also known as gause's law, two specie living in the same niche and feeding on the same resource cannot co-exist stably.

as we have well studied the theory of natural selection which states that only those organisms survive which have better tendency to compete for food and adapt to the environmental conditions.

coming towards the question, what wi ll happen when one species outcompetes the other for the small fish , the other specie will not get enough food and will start to die or decline in population. eventually either other specie needs to find another alternative food source for itself or migrate at some other location where there is less competition otherwise it will just not exist anymore at that niche.

hope it !