Four tenths of a number increased by the second number equals 19. One tenth of the first number decreased by the second number is equal to 1. What are the two numbers?

The two numbers are 40 and 3

Step-by-step explanation:

Assume that the first number is x and the second number is y

∵ Four tenths = = 0.4

∵ One tenth = = 0.1

∵ Four tenths of 1st number increased by the 2nd number equals 19

∵ The 1st number = x and the 2nd number = y

∴ 0.4x + y = 19 ⇒ (1)

∵ One tenth of the 1st number decreased by the 2nd number is equal to 1

∴ 0.1x - y = 1 ⇒ (2)

Now we have a system of equations to solve it

→ Add equations (1) and (2) to eliminate y

∵ (0.4x + 0.1x) + (y + -y) = (19 + 1)

∴ 0.5x + 0 = 20

∴ 0.5x = 20

→ Divide both sides by 0.5 to find x

∵ =

∴ x = 40

→ Substitute the value of x in equation (1) or (2) to find y

∵ 0.4(40) + y = 19

∴ 16 + y = 19

→ Subtract 16 from both sides

∴ 16 - 16 + y = 19 - 16

∴ y = 3

∴ The two numbers are 40 and 3