The dataset TrafficFlow gives the delay time in seconds for 24 simulation runs in Dresden, Germany, comparing the current timed traffic light system on each run to a proposed flexible traffic light system in which lights communicate traffic flow information to neighboring lights. On average, public transportation was delayed 105 seconds under the timed system and 44 seconds under the flexible system. Since this is a matched pairs experiment, we are interested in the difference in times between the two methods for each of the 24 simulations. For the differences D, we were given that seconds with seconds. We wish to estimate the average time savings for public transportation on this stretch of road if the city of Dresden moves to the new system. Required:
a. What parameter are we estimating?
b. Suppose that we write the 24 differences on 24 slips of paper. describe how to physically use the paper slips to create a bootstrap sample. What statistic do we for this one bootstrap sample?
c. If we create a bootstrap distribution using many of these bootstrap statistics what shape do we expect it to be centered?
d. How can we use the values in the bootstrap distribution to find the standard error?