1) What is the universal set?

the set containing all objects or elements and of which all other sets are subsets.

Step-by-step explanation:

the set containing all objects or elements and of which all other sets are subsets

{3 + i, 3 - i, 3, -1}

step-by-step explanation:

the solution is x=1

step-by-step explanation:

we are given our   equation as

let's assume

left side function is

right side function is

now, we can draw graph

and then we can get intersection point

the intersection point will be solution

so, the solution is

x=1